Endogenous

IL1B IL1F2

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) (Catabolin)

Interleukin-1 beta ;
IL-1 beta ;
Catabolin ;

interleukin 1 beta(IL1B) Homo sapiens The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008],

Domain:The similarity among the IL-1 precursors suggests that the amino ends of these proteins serve some as yet undefined function.,Function:Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.,online information:Interleukin-1 entry,online information:The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database,similarity:Belongs to the IL-1 family.,subcellular location:The lack of a specific hydrophobic segment in the precursor sequence suggests that IL-1 is released by damaged cells or is secreted by a mechanism differing from that used for other secretory proteins.,subunit:Monomer.,

Secreted

Expressed in activated monocytes/macrophages (at protein level).

>>Antifolate resistance ;
>>MAPK signaling pathway ;
>>Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction ;
>>NF-kappa B signaling pathway ;
>>Necroptosis ;
>>Osteoclast differentiation ;
>>Toll-like receptor signaling pathway ;
>>NOD-like receptor signaling pathway ;
>>Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway ;
>>C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway ;
>>Hematopoietic cell lineage ;
>>IL-17 signaling pathway ;
>>Th17 cell differentiation ;
>>TNF signaling pathway ;
>>Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels ;
>>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ;
>>AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications ;
>>Alcoholic liver disease ;
>>Type I diabetes mellitus ;
>>Alzheimer disease ;
>>Prion disease ;
>>Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases ;
>>Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection ;
>>Shigellosis ;
>>Salmonella infection ;
>>Pertussis ;
>>Legionellosis ;
>>Yersinia infection ;
>>Leishmaniasis ;
>>Chagas disease ;
>>African trypanosomiasis ;
>>Malaria ;
>>Amoebiasis ;
>>Tuberculosis ;
>>Measles ;
>>Human cytomegalovirus infection ;
>>Influenza A ;
>>Herpes simplex virus 1 infection ;
>>Coronavirus disease - COVID-19 ;
>>Inflammatory bowel disease ;
>>Rheumatoid arthritis ;
>>Graft-versus-host disease ;
>>Lipid and atherosclerosis ;
>>Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis