Endogenous

GLS GLS1 KIAA0838

GLSK

This gene encodes the K-type mitochondrial glutaminase. The encoded protein is an phosphate-activated amidohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. This protein is primarily expressed in the brain and kidney plays an essential role in generating energy for metabolism, synthesizing the brain neurotransmitter glutamate and maintaining acid-base balance in the kidney. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012],

Catalytic activity:L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3).,Function:Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine.,similarity:Belongs to the glutaminase family.,similarity:Contains 1 ANK repeat.,tissue specificity:KGA is expressed predominantly in brain and kidney but not in liver, GAC is expressed principally in cardiac muscle and pancreas but not in liver or brain, and GAM is expressed solely in cardiac and skeletal muscle.,

Cytoplasm

Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are detected in brain cortex. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in astrocytoma, ganglioglioma and ependymoma. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in brain and kidney, but not detected in liver. Isoform 3 is highly expressed in heart and pancreas, detected at lower levels in placenta, lung, pancreas and kidney, but is not detected in liver. Isoform 2 is expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.

>>Arginine biosynthesis ;
>>Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism ;
>>D-Amino acid metabolism ;
>>Metabolic pathways ;
>>Glutamatergic synapse ;
>>GABAergic synapse ;
>>Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation ;
>>MicroRNAs in cancer ;
>>Central carbon metabolism in cancer